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第四十八章 货币政策(第2页)

请退出浏览器阅读模式,否则将导致章节内容缺失及无法阅读下一章。🎁免费-纯欲御姐主播

廷瑞,你开了一个好头,值得表扬,有了这些机器就能够生产出足用的枪管,就能在减少大量的伤亡,增加战力。

古有木工鲁班,今天就有钢铁工‘鲁班’了!”

“臣不敢。”

回宫后,都到了傍晚了,饭都不吃,他就拿着几枚铜钱来到了内阁。

“这是蒯祥刚刚做出来的新铜钱,你们看看怎么样,这是加了二成白铅的。”

“蒯祥师傅真是厉害啊,这么细的花瓣都刻得清清楚楚,还是一模一样的,简直是不可思议啊,这是怎么做到的?”

“这可不是刻得,这是用钢模压出来的。用这种方法可是又比以前快上个几倍,能够大大地缓解钱荒的问题。”

“这倒是解决了一大难事。”

“朕今天就是来谈这个事情的,零散的钱币够用了,大额的纸币可能还是不够用,要知道财富增加的度远远过了金银增加的度的,怎么解决,怎样把金银跟纸钱挂钩,保证财产的安全?

再说金银存在外库也不是个事啊,存太多将来有不贤子孙,说不定会用到歪处了。”

“虽然目前来说还没有到这个程度,但是皇上说的也有道理,如果哪一天纸币都不值钱了,怕是会天下大乱。”

“那皇上怎么想的?”

“朕是这样想的,至少要保留一定数额的黄金,不可以动用,另外每年也要存一些,其他的用来制造金币,供商人兑换,仅作为海外交易使用。银币也要制作一些,作为纸币的补充。

如果还是不够用的话,户部就可以行国债,用新增印的纸币还国债,通过国债来保持货币的均衡。”

“什么是国债?不能直接存入银行吗?”

“国债就是户部向老百姓借贷,而用新增印的纸币来还钱,从而调节货币量。朕打算成立一个独立的货币管理机构,来保持这种纸币的平衡。当纸币贬值,就回收国债,纸币不够用的时候,就行国债。

这个新部门就叫中央银行,专门回收旧币和钱币的行以及利息的调整。

当然国债的资金有短、中、长期的,不可以随便挪用,而是专款专用,一般是长期的固定的投资,像修路、铺桥、治河等等属于长期的。

就是户部负责行国债,不负责调节,当然债务还是要由户部来偿还,根据户部的财政收入量力行。

另外还可以通过银行利息等的调整,从而达到平衡的目的。”

“皇上还是一步一步来说明吧,这中间可是转了好几道弯,搞的我头都晕了。户部可以借钱来修路,然后再由户部来还钱,这个时候,中央银行花钱来买国债,钱就到了户部手中,然后户部将这笔钱用掉了,钱到了老百姓手中,再交税,完了,户部再还钱,是这样的吧?”

“不错。”

“就是通过借钱将纸币给转出来,用来年的利息来还钱。”

“嗯,就是这样的,不然的话,纸币转不出来啊。”

“这个办法确实不错,有的来,有的出,只不过是贴了一些利息。不过这样一来,如果户部赋税不增加的话,怕是收入越来越少?”

“所以说,人人都要依法纳税,另外粮食歉收,相当于户部亏本了,还是要在工商税收和关税下功夫,加强吏治,保护人们的合法财产。

指望老天来吃饭,还不如去祈求上苍。”

“现在户部还有结余,难道要全部花出去,然后再借债度日?”

“除了保证正常开销之外,可以加大城市建设、交通建设、移民开等,同时要设立各种保障金,投入到银行之中。比如朝廷的赈灾金,防疫金等等,这些必须的开销。实在没有钱了,再行国债。”

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