第 8章 李桓谈金(第2页)
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“先说圈地围猎。金朝为了保持女真人的尚武之风,下令在各地圈地当猎场,规模很大,往往一个猎场能占半个县。”
“很多汉人的田地、墓园、山林都被圈为女真人的猎场,只允许女真人进去骑马射猎。不知道多少人失去家园。”
“金朝多次通检推排,对汉人括田、括粟。什么意思?就是找借口将汉人的田地夺走,送给各地的女真猛安谋克,你可以理解为金朝版本的跑马圈地。括粟呢?就是夺取百姓的粮食,充公!”
“还有多次换地。将汉人的良田,换成女真人的荒地…变着法子损汉人肥女真。”
“经过多次括田、换地,中原耕地三分之二在女真人手里,不到三分之一在汉人手中。女真人的人均田亩数,差不多是汉人的二十倍。”
二十倍!
就是不关心历史的云裳,听到这个数据,也忍不住身上发冷。
李桓继续道:“人均田亩数,女真人是汉人二十倍。汉人平均耕地两三亩,女真人平均超过五十亩。这是什么概念?”
“这意味着,哪怕是最普通的下层女真户,起码也能成为小地主。而大量的汉人,因为没有耕地,只能为女真户当佃户当农奴。”
“同时,很多汉族大地主变成小地主,甚至破产沦为佃农。取而代之的是遍布各地的女真豪族。这些女真豪族,还带有奴隶主的性质。”
“就说李家,北宋时还是大地主,良田七千亩,家大业大。可是如今,只剩下五百亩地,绝大多数都被女真贵族占了。”
“对契丹人也不客气。金朝搜刮契丹人的马匹,将契丹人迁到辽东女真故地,两户女真人夹一户契丹人,严加监视。”
“更可恶的是,女真户的税率比汉人低的多。其中很多女真人,还属于不课税户,一文不缴。”
“而汉人呢?不少还是二税户,除了国税,还要向寺庙交税。”
云裳叹息一声,“也就是说,汉人这么苦,却还是纳税主体。”
李桓点点头,“金朝还大量征发汉人青壮当炮灰当军奴,也就签军。还大量掠夺汉人为奴,也就是驱口。蒙古人就是和女真人学的。”
“女真男子被汉人称为种人,为何被称为种人?因为女真人口太少,为了快速增加人口,就大肆掠夺汉家女子为奴,把她们当成生育工具。他们犹如种马一般,所以被称为种人。”
“这可不是通婚,而是为奴。”
“金朝的种种政策,让本就尖锐的民族矛盾更加严重,引发了一百多次反金起义,比如契丹大起义,红袄军大起义。”
“红袄军起义之后,口号就是杀光‘种人’,号召汉人报复,到处搜杀女真人。山东、淮北的女真人损失惨重,很多都被汉人报复性杀死。”
云裳不禁皱眉,“种人?这么恶心的么?”
李桓哼了一声,“何止这些?金朝奴隶制一直存在。元承金制,元朝的四等人制度,源头就是金朝。”
“金律明文规定,女真人和汉人发生法律纠纷,哪怕女真人是白身,汉人是官员,受到惩罚的也是汉人,哪怕这汉官占理,也会被罢官。何况没有官职的汉人?”
“就说我现在,如果状告完颜歹古行凶,倒霉的反而是我,我有理也是无理。”
云裳听到这里,反而笑了。
“嘻,警官,你现在承认,法律只是统治者的工具了吧。你该清楚,所谓认真执法,未必就是正义公理吧?”
“我虽然骗了一百多亿,可骗的都是巨贪的不义之财。骗来之后,还主要用来慈善和捐款,帮助了无数贫困儿童和弱势群体。我的确触犯了你们的法律,可你说我是坏人吗?该死吗?”
李桓沉默。
云裳继续道:“你现在来到金朝,适用的就是金朝的法律。金律明文搞种族歧视,你要是违反,是不是就是坏人?”
李桓摇头:“你不要混淆概念,偷梁换柱。那能一样?金律是带有奴隶制色彩的法律,是一回事么?”
云裳冷笑:“本质有多大区别?我看说到底也是大差不差。我不相信法律,除非我自已掌握法律。”
李桓揉揉耳朵,“我不和你辩论,毫无意义。”
云裳摆摆手:“算了,不说这个。金朝的大概我已有了解,请你再说说陕西的现状吧。”
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