第五十三章 货币和钱是两码事(第1页)
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在讲货币信用与白银本位的关系之前,我要先考考你们俩,什么是货币?”
听到林煜抛出的问题,朱瞻基反应挺快,当即作出回答。
“货币就是铜钱,也可以是白银,这个问题先生上次已经讲过。”
林煜没有立刻作出回应,只是扭头看向正在思考的于谦。
过了片刻,于谦才斟酌着说道:“先生此前有讲解过,金银天然不是货币,但货币可以是金银,那么……金银到底是不是货币?”
哦?盲生,你发现了华点!
林煜听到这个回答,不免有些惊诧,心底对这两个狱友的身份也是暗暗留了份心思。
“你们两个的回答,其实都算对,但又都不全对。”
又是都对,却不全对。
朱瞻基陷入思索,也开始将自己与于谦的回答进行了结合,试图从中找出漏洞。
林煜的问题,什么才是货币?
他认为金银铜钱就是货币,更确切的说,实际上铜钱才是货币,而金银是因为林煜说了,未来会缓慢货币化,所以他也认为是货币。
可是现在,于谦的话给他提了个醒。
金银天然不是货币,但货币天然是金银。
这也是林煜早先讲课时,给他们灌输的理论,那么问题就来了,金银到底还算不算货币呢?
林煜没有让两人思考太久,在端起酒碗咪了一口,随即开口讲解道:“在你们的理解中,货币就是金银铜钱,甚至干脆就是铜钱。因为铜钱在过去上千年的历史里,本身就已经变成具备购买力的钱币。”
“百姓使用铜钱,可以从商贩手里交易购买,与之等价的商品货物,这就叫做货币。”
“可,要是按照这套理论,实际上货币的概念就太宽泛了。不仅金银铜钱,还有大明宝钞,其实都算得上是货币。”
“哪怕如今宝钞早已贬值的厉害,但没有朝廷公开宣布宝钞作废,那宝钞就依旧具备货币价值,而这个货币价值的来源是什么呢?”
朱瞻基听得认真,几乎脱口而出:“货币信用!”
林煜点头:“没错,就是货币信用,虽然宝钞本质上就是纸张和油墨,但有朝廷愿意为宝钞的流通而背书。所以,朝廷的政令赋予了宝钞‘货币信用’,从而让它进一步具备了价值。”
“因此,货币其实可以是任何东西,但却唯独不能是钱。”
“正如我此前与你们说过,金银本身并不是货币,只是货币可以是金银,也就是以金银为货币的实物载体。说的更简单些,就是货币在绝大多数时候,都与钱划了等号。”
“一旦钱与货币呈现不等式,那货币就不再是金银,或者说不再是钱了。”
这一番如同绕口令的内容,直接绕得朱瞻基和于谦两人,有些头脑爆炸。
货币和钱的关系?
这是直接从原来的税法改革,聊到了货币银行经济学。
而于谦加上朱瞻基,这两位虽然一个是千古名臣,另一个又是“仁宣之治”
。
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