第五十九章 望丛祠(第2页)
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周至说道:“这就要从古蜀国的源流说起了……”
祠堂内虽然荒凉,但是建筑结构大体都在,还有两百多株森森古柏,两个周围百米的大冢。
周至带着池薛荔和杨和,一处一处地游览。
“古蜀国的文明,最早压根没有成都平原什么事儿,而是从嘉州沿着岷江一直上溯到青藏高原边界,抵达连接祁连通道的黄河流域,再沿着黄河折向东南,抵达华夏文明的核心地区——黄土高原。”
“这就构成了一条沟通长江文明与黄河文明,让古人可以迁徙流动的通道——岷江文明走廊。”
“古蜀先人,其实主要是在如今的彝族、羌族、藏族地区活动,那些先民的服饰、相貌,在彝羌两族的服饰相貌中,也有保留。”
“直到唐代,这条通道都依旧挥着文明迁徙的作用。唐代一支吐蕃人,沿着这条通道,从岷江上游抵达银川附近,最终在套外繁衍生息,建立了一个王朝——西夏。”
这些东西都是池薛荔不知道的东西,如今一般的书籍上也看不到,池薛荔也对这些很感兴趣,不由得听得入神起来。
“而蜀人是从哪里进入的蜀川平原的呢?就是从这里。”
“他们在岷江上游的玉垒山下现了一条通道,从那里,可以最方便地从岷江流域,进入蜀川平原。”
“于是杜宇便带着族人,占据了这个通道在蜀川平原的入口处,这就是郫都的由来。”
“所以扬雄在《蜀帝本纪》里记载:杜宇‘代鱼凫为王,徒都于郫,即杜鹃城也。’”
“杜宇作蜀王后,称望帝。当时岷江洪水大,淹没川西平原,丞相鳖灵来自长江流域,有治水的经验,因此望帝命其治水。”
“鳖灵劈开玉垒山,凿出宝瓶口,疏通岷江之水,变水患为水利,化西海为田畴,让川西平原从鱼凫时代的渔猎文明,进入了望丛时代的农桑文明。”
“这项工程,奠定了都江堰工程的基础。之后望帝退隐西山,禅让帝位于鳖灵,称丛帝。”
“郫县县志里有记载,祀望帝的‘崇德祠’,原在灌县二王庙处。”
“而《岷阳二帝前后志》记载:‘丛帝殁后,咸葬于郫,旧有庙,古邑南去郭一里’。”
“直到南朝齐明帝时,刺史刘季连才将崇德祠从灌口移建于郫县丛帝祠旁,后与丛帝庙合并,成为合祀二帝的‘望丛祠’。”
“后来这里的人流行一句话:‘端午祭屈原,岷阳朝杜主’。”
“所以天下祠堂,如蜀都汉昭烈祠,也就是俗称的武侯祠,都是一个正门,而望丛祠是二帝合祀,所以开有南北两道正门。”
“这也是我国西南地区,唯一以一祠祭二主的最大的帝王陵冢。”
二帝陵前分别竖“古望帝之陵”
、“古丛帝之陵”
石碑。碑高丈余,下款刻“熊克武立,但懋辛书”
。
“这两个墓是虚冢,其实是北宋仁宗的时候造的。”
周至说道:“这两块碑以前被毁过,现在的这两个,是复制品。”
接下来周至一路走在前头,一路就着景物建筑,给这两个人讲解那两个人的故事。
这里的建筑风格不同于一般祠庙,虽然原祠是按会稽山禹陵的规划而建,但因为是一祠祭二主,所以祠分两园。
南为子规园,北为涟漪园。
子规就是杜鹃,杜鹃就是杜宇的化身;
涟漪与水有关,相传鳖灵是荆人,化尸逆流而上,从长江游到郫都。
临水就势,建有“稻荪楼”
,“听鹃楼”
等楼台亭阁。
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