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春秋五霸晋文公重耳的故事
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第二十五章 烛之武退敌(第2页)

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鲁僖公曰:“何以见之?”

臧孙辰对曰:“凡五刑之用,大者甲兵斧钺,次者刀砍锯锯,最下者鞭打,或陈之原野,或肆之市曹,与百姓共明其罪。今晋文公于卫不用刑而私鸩焉;又不诛太医,是讳杀卫成公之名也。卫成公不死,其能老于周乎?主公若肯出面为其求情,晋必赦之。卫成公复国,必益亲于鲁,诸侯谁不诵鲁之高义?”

鲁僖公曰:“卿说得是。”

遂命臧孙辰以白璧十双,献于周襄王,为卫成公求情。

周襄王曰:“卫成公得囚,乃晋文公之意,朕岂能轻赦?卿果有救卫成公之意,那就请去晋国一趟。”

臧孙辰曰:“多谢天王。”

遂离周赴晋,见了文公,亦以白璧十双为献,曰:“寡君与卫,兄弟也。卫君得罪盟主,寡君不胜惶恐。今闻盟主已赦曹君,寡君愿以不腆之赋,为卫君赎罪。”

文公曰:“卫成公已在京师,王之罪人,寡人就是想赦,可得之乎?”

臧孙辰曰:“盟主代天子以令诸侯,盟主若释其罪,天子又复何词!”

先蔑进曰:“鲁亲于卫,君为鲁而释卫,二国交亲,以附于晋,君何乐而不为?”

文公点头称是,遂遣先蔑再同臧孙辰入周,共请于襄王,乃释卫成公,放之回国。

时元咺已奉公子瑕为君,修补城墙,出入稽查甚严。卫成公恐归国之日,元咺发兵相拒,密谋于宁俞。

宁俞曰:“臣闻周歂、冶廑以拥子瑕有功,求为上卿而不得,心中怨恨,此可结为内援也。臣有挚友一人,姓孔名达,胸中广有经纶经纶:指政治才能。,周、冶二人,亦与孔达相善。若使孔达奉君之命,以卿位许二人,使杀元咺,其余俱不足惧矣。”

卫成公曰:“卿为我密致之,若事成,卿位我不吝也。”

宁俞一面使心腹一路扬言“卫成公虽蒙宽释,无颜回国,将往楚国避难矣”

;一面取卫成公之书,付于孔达,教他私结周歂、冶廑二人,如此这般。

周歂、冶廑听了孔达之言,一口应承下来。探知元咺每夜必亲自巡城,各自约会家丁,埋伏在城:古代瓮城的门。隐处。

黄昏时分,元咺果来巡城,见周歂、冶廑一齐来迎,惊问曰:“二位为何在此?”

周歂曰:“外人传言故君已入卫境,旦夕至此,大夫不闻乎?”

元咺愕然曰:“此言从何而来?”

冶廑曰:“汝不管从何而来。实话告汝,宁大夫已遣人入城,约在朝诸臣往迎,大夫何以处之?”

元咺曰:“此乱言,不可信也。况大位已定,岂有复迎故君之理?”

周歂曰:“大夫身为正卿,当洞观万里。如此大事,尚然不知,要汝作甚!”

一边说一边去拔佩刀。

元咺慌忙伸手去拦,被冶廑背后一刀,结果了性命。

元咺从兵,欲待上前捉拿元凶,一声呼哨,伏兵齐出,数十倍于从兵,从兵俱逃。周歂、冶廑率领家丁,沿途大呼:“卫成公引齐、鲁之兵,现集城外矣!尔百姓各宜安居,勿得扰动!”

百姓闻之,家家闭户,处处关门。便是为官在朝的,此时也半信半疑,正不知什么缘故,一个个袖手静坐,以待消息。

周歂、冶廑二人杀入宫中。公子瑕正与其弟子仪饮酒,闻外兵变,子仪拔剑在手,出宫探信,正遇周歂,被一刀斩之。公子瑕闻子仪被杀,心中害怕,投井而亡。

天明,周歂、冶廑将卫成公手书,悬于朝堂,大集百官,迎接卫成公入城复位。

卫成公复位后,择日祭享太庙。不负前约,封周歂、冶廑并授卿职。谁知,彼二人福小命薄,未及一月,相继而逝。改封孔达为上卿,宁俞为亚卿。孔达为卫成公划策,将公子瑕、元咺之死,悉推在已死周歂、冶廑身上,遣使往谢晋文公。晋文公亦不问。时为周襄王二十二年。

是时,晋兵已休息岁余。一日,文公坐朝,谓群臣曰:“郑人不礼之仇未报,今又背晋通楚,寡人欲合诸侯问罪何如?”

先轸曰:“诸侯已两聚矣。今以郑故,又行征发,有些太频。况我军行无缺,将士用命,何必外求?”

文公曰:“秦君临行有约,必与同事。”

先轸对曰:“郑为中国咽喉,故齐桓公欲霸天下,必争郑地。今若使秦共伐,秦必争之,不如独用本国之兵。”

文公曰:“郑邻晋而远于秦,秦争之何用?”

遂不听先轸之言,乃使人以兵期告秦,约于九月上旬,同集郑境。

晋兵将发之时,晋文公命公子兰从行。子兰乃郑文公捷之庶弟,受郑文公迫害,逃之于晋,仕为大夫,及晋文公即位,子兰周旋左右,忠谨无比,故文公爱近之。此行想以他为向导。

公子兰辞曰:“臣闻,‘君子虽在他乡,不忘父母之国’。君有讨于郑,臣不敢与其事。”

文公曰:“卿可谓不背本矣!”

乃留公子兰于东鄙,自此有扶持他为郑君之意。

晋文公率兵来到郑境,驻足未稳,秦穆公引着谋臣百里奚,大将孟明视,副将杞子、逢孙、杨孙等,车二百乘来会。两下合兵,攻破郑之郊关。晋兵营于函陵,在郑城之西。秦兵营于汜南,在郑城之东。游兵星夜巡警城内,樵釆俱断。慌得郑文公手足无措。

大夫叔詹进曰:“秦晋合兵,其势甚锐,不可与争。但得一舌辩之士,往说秦君,使之退兵。秦师若退,晋势已孤,不足畏矣。”

郑文公曰:“谁可往说秦君者?”

叔詹对曰:“佚之狐可也。”

郑文公便召佚之狐入宫,告之以命。

佚之狐辞曰:“臣不堪也,臣愿举一人以自代。此人乃口悬河汉、舌摇山岳之士,但其老不见用。主公若加其官爵,使之往说,不患秦君不听矣。”

郑文公曰:“此人姓甚名谁?”

佚之狐曰:“姓烛名之武,考城人也。年过七旬,事郑国为圉正圉正:古时掌养马的小官。,三世不得迁,乞主公加礼而遣之。”

郑文公轻轻颔首,遣使去召烛之武。

是时,烛之武须发尽白,伛偻着腰,蹒跚而行,见者无不含笑。

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