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春秋五霸齐桓公故事简介
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第二十一章 管仲论相(第2页)

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管仲复叹曰:“惜哉乎,宁戚也!”

齐桓公曰:“宁戚之外,岂无人乎?寡人欲任鲍叔牙当政怎样?”

管仲对曰:“鲍叔牙,君子也,但不可以为政。何也?其人善恶过于分明。夫好善可也,恶恶过甚,谁能忍受?鲍叔牙见人之一恶,终身不忘,是其短也。”

齐桓公又曰:“隰朋为政怎样?”

管仲对曰:“当然可矣。隰朋不耻下问,居其家不忘公门。”

言毕,喟然叹曰,“天生隰朋,以为夷吾舌也。身死,舌安得独存?恐君之用隰朋不能久耳!”

齐桓公曰:“那么用易牙当政怎样?”

管仲对曰:“君即使不问,臣亦要言之。彼易牙、竖貂、开方、常之巫四人,必不可近也!”

齐桓公曰:“易牙烹其子,以飨寡人之口,是爱寡人胜于爱子,尚何疑耶?”

管仲对曰:“人情莫过于爱子,其子且忍烹之,何况于君?”

齐桓公曰:“竖貂自愿去势以事寡人,是爱寡人胜于爱身,尚何疑耶?”

管仲对曰:“人情莫重于身,其身且伤之,何况于君?”

齐桓公曰:“卫公子开方,去其千乘之世子,而臣于寡人,以寡人之爱幸之也。父母死不奔丧,是爱寡人胜于父母,尚可疑耶?”

管仲对曰:“人情莫亲于父母,其父母尚且弃之,何况乎君?且千乘之封,人之大欲也。弃千乘而就君,其所望过于千乘者矣。君必去之勿近,近必乱国!”

齐桓公想了一想曰:“常之巫能知人之生死,又可为人祈祷赐福,无可疑耶。”

管仲对曰:“死与生,命也,凭人力无法改变,何况祈祷乎?常之巫借巫事干预朝政,害莫大焉,主公应该警惕呀!”

齐桓公听了管仲之言,心中不悦,带着不无责备的口吻追问道:“不说常之巫,易牙、竖貂、公子开方,此三人者事寡人久矣。未见仲父有片言言之寡人。”

管仲对曰:“臣之不言,是以不忍违君之意也。这是其一。其二,譬之于水,臣为堤防焉,勿令泛滥,今堤防去矣,将有横流之患,君必远之!”

齐桓公默然无语,良久方去。

小内侍回到宫中,不知有意还是无意,将管仲与齐桓公的对话,泄露出去,一传两传,传到易牙耳中,把个易牙气得咬牙切齿,他马上跑到鲍叔牙家里,对鲍叔牙说道:“仲父为相,叔所荐也。今仲病,君往问之,乃言叔不可以为政,而荐隰朋,我都为您感到不平。”

鲍叔牙哈哈大笑道:“牙之所以荐仲于君,乃仲忠心为国,不私其友。若使牙为司寇,必将驱逐佞人。若使当国为政,尔等将无存身之地也。”

易牙满面羞惭而退。

逾一日,齐桓公带着鲍叔牙、公孙隰朋复去探视管仲,仲已不能言,二目在他三人脸上打转,有泪水自目内溢出。桓公、叔牙、隰朋潸然泪下。

是夜,管仲卒。

管仲自周庄王十二年辅佐齐桓公兴齐图霸,至周襄王七年病逝,执齐国相印四十年,享年八十岁。

齐桓公闻管仲病逝,亲往吊之,抚其前胸,大恸曰:“哀哉,仲父!是天折寡人之臂也。”

命上卿高溪主其丧,殡葬从厚。生前采邑,悉与管平,令世为大夫。

易牙因记恨管仲,私谓大夫伯氏曰:“昔君夺您骈邑三百,以赏仲父之功。今仲父已亡,您何不自言于君,而取还其邑?果真这样,我当从旁助您。”

伯氏对曰:“仲父虽死,其功尚在,尔使老夫索讨骈邑,岂不陷老夫上罪于主公,下罪于百姓乎?老夫于国于民未有尺寸之功,有何面目求邑于君乎?”

此话不知怎的竟传到齐桓公耳中,喟然叹道:“仲父虽死犹能使伯氏心服,易牙辈真小人也。”

追念管仲之功、之言,遂拜公孙隰朋为相。未及一月,隰朋病卒。桓公曰:“仲父其圣人乎?何以知朋之用于寡人不久也?”

葬过隰朋,齐桓公召鲍叔牙进宫,欲要拜他为相。

鲍叔牙固辞不就:“仲父之言是也。老臣善恶过于分明,不堪为相。”

齐桓公曰:“综观满朝文武,德才无过于卿者,卿不为相,让寡人委政于何人?”

鲍叔牙对曰:“既然这样,老臣有一不情之求,君若允之,老臣方敢执掌相印。”

齐桓公曰:“只要卿肯出任宰相,莫说一个请求,就是十个,寡人也依卿,说吧。”

鲍叔牙一字一顿道:“罢黜易牙、竖貂、开方、常之巫四人。”

“这……”

齐桓公几经权衡,心一横道,“寡人依卿。”

当即降旨一道,将易牙四人官爵罢去,逐出临淄,鲍叔牙走马上任。

齐桓公自逐出易牙、竖貂、开方、常之巫四人,傍无戏狎,食不甘味,不到仨月,瘦下去二十余斤,长卫姬乘机劝道:“君逐易牙诸人,而国不加治,食不甘味,夜不酣寝,容颜日憔,君之百官、侍者,不能体君之心,还是把易牙四人召回,方是上策。”

齐桓公曰:“寡人亦思念此四人,但已逐之,而又召之,恐拂鲍叔牙之意也。”

长卫姬曰:“鲍叔牙左右,岂无献媚者耶?君老矣,奈何自苦如此!君但以调味之由,先召易牙,则开方、竖貂、常之巫不招而至也。”

齐桓公思索良久道:“妾言是也。”

遂传召易牙。易牙一口气炒了十八个菜:扒熊掌、烧鹿筋、夹沙果子狸、清汤芙蓉猴头、扒龙须菜、烧鹿茸、白扒鱼翅、扒海参、酸辣锅巴鲍鱼、奶汤炖广肚、烧鱿鱼、扒鱼皮、清汤鱼唇、炝蚶子、酸辣乌鱼蛋、扒素鸡、蟹黄扒白菜,敬献桓公。桓公好久没有吃到这么可口的菜了,将裤带连松了三次。

果如长卫姬所言,竖貂、开方、常之巫,闻易牙进宫,不召而至。齐桓公命他们一并住进宫中,只瞒着鲍叔牙一人。

这一日,齐桓公用膳,命易牙四人作陪,桓公有些反胃,不想用酒,竖貂曰:“主公,奴才说一笑话,您若笑了,您喝一觞酒;您若不笑,奴才喝一觞酒,您看如何?”

齐桓公对曰:“诺。”

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