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第4章 褒姒降生(第2页)

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注:【九献:天子飨上公及诸侯飨他国之君常用九献之礼以表达敬意。献酒共九次。九献之礼在礼仪中是最隆重、规格最高的,并且限于上公。这里指祭祀典礼中的各种仪式】

周宣王说:“那年诛杀的那个女人,不能消除‘檿弧箕箙(yanhujifu)’的谶言吗?”

伯阳父说:“天道玄远,到时候了才能验证。一个农村妇女怎么能够影响到国家的气数呢?!”

周宣王沈吟不语。忽然想起三年前,曾经命令上大夫杜伯督办的这件事。颁胙之后,周宣王还朝,百官谢胙。周宣王问杜伯:“让你查访妖女的消息,为什么这么长时间也没有结论?”

注:【颁胙:祭祀之后将祭祀用的肉分赐群臣叫颁胙。群臣接受祭祀用的肉之后表示感谢叫谢胙。胙,祭祀用的肉】

杜伯回答说:“臣查访妖女,并没有什么影响。认为那年已经把妖妇正罪处死,童谣已经应验,如果再继续搜查,恐怕打扰国人,所以已经终止这件事了。”

周宣王大怒:“既然如此,为何不向我汇报?明明是没拿我的命令当回事,还敢擅自做主。如此不忠之臣,要你何用!”

喝教武士:“押出朝门,斩首示众!”

吓得百官面如土色。

忽然文班中走出一位官员,连声说:“不可,不可!”

周宣王一看,原来是下大夫左儒,是杜伯的好友,是在同一年举荐入朝当官的(举荐同朝)。左儒叩头上奏说:“我听说尧帝时发生过九年水灾,商汤时发生过七年大旱,也都没有动摇帝王之位。天灾都没有什么事,一个人妖也不用在乎她(臣闻尧有九年之水,不失为帝;汤有七年之旱,不害为王。天变尚然不妨,人妖宁可尽信?)。吾王如果杀了杜伯,臣恐怕国人传播谣言,外夷听到了,也会瞧不起朝廷。请宽恕他吧!”

注:【外夷:外族,指非周王朝统治的少数民族】

周宣王说:“你为了朋友而违抗我的命令,那就是重视朋友而轻视君王。”

左儒说:“君王做的对而朋友做错了,就应当违抗朋友而顺从君王;朋友做的对而君王做错了,那就应当违抗君王而顺从朋友。杜伯罪不至死,君王把他杀了,天下必定认为君王不贤明。臣如果不能劝谏阻止,天下必定认为臣不忠诚。君王如果一定要杀杜伯,臣请与杜伯一起受死。”

周宣王怒气冲冲,说:“朕杀杜伯,如同除掉一根小草(如去菜草),哪那么多废话?”

喝教:“快斩!”

武士将杜伯推出朝门折了。

左儒回到家中,自刎而死。

杜伯之子隰(xi)叔,逃奔晋国,后来在晋国做了士师之官。子孙遂为士氏,食邑于范,又为范氏。后人哀杜伯之忠,立祠于杜陵,号为杜主,又曰右将军庙,至今尚存。

注:1。【士师:官职,《周礼》列为秋官司寇之属官。掌禁令、狱讼、刑罚之事。】

2。【氏:表示某一宗族的称号。秦以前,男人有姓有氏,氏是姓的分支。用以区别子孙之所出。故常以居住或分封之邑名、任职官名、从事职业名或祖先字号为氏。】

3。【食邑于范:卿大夫封地,收其税赋而食,故称食邑,亦称采邑。范,今山东范县。】

4。【杜陵:今西安市东南。】

再说周宣王次日,听说左儒自刎,心里也后悔杀了杜伯,闷闷不乐,回到宫中,当晚一宿没睡,于是就得了恍惚的疾病,话语不清,经常忘事,成天迷迷瞪瞪,也经常旷工,不处理朝政了。

这是公元前785年、周宣王四十三年的事。

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